TCP / IP- TCP, IP, IPv6, UDP

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Internet Protocol version 4 (IPv4) - is the routing layer datagram service of the TCP / IP suite. All other protocols within the TCP / IP suite, except ARP and RARP, use IP to route frames from host to host. The IP frame header contains routing information and control information associated with datagram delivery.

4	8	16		32
Ver.	IHL	Type of service	Total length
Identification			Flags	Offset
Time to live		Protocol	Checksum
Source address
Destination address
Option + Padding
Data
Structure of the IP header in 32 bit lines.

IPv6

Internet Protocol version 6 - is a new version of the Internet Protocol based on IPv4. IPv4 and IPv6 are demultiplexed at the media layer. For example, IPv6 packets are carried over Ethernet with the content type 86DD (hexadecimal) instead of IPv4’s 0800. IPv6 increases the IP address size from 32 bits to 128 bits, to support more levels of addressing hierarchy, a much greater number of addressable nodes and simpler auto-configuration of addresses. Scalability of multicast addresses is introduced. A new type of address called an anycast address is also defined, to send a packet to any one of a group of nodes.

4	8	16	24	32
Ver.	Priority	Flow label
Payload length			Next header	Hop limit
Source address (128 bites) :
Destination address (128 bites) :
Structure of the IPv6 header in 32 bit lines.

TCP

Transmission Control Protocol - provides a reliable stream delivery and virtual connection service to applications through the use of sequenced acknowledgment with retransmission of packets when necessary.

16								32
Source port								Destination port
Sequence number
Acknowledgement number
Offset	Resrvd	U	A	P	R	S	F	Window
Checksum								Urgent pointer
Option + Padding
Data
Structure of the TCP header in 32 bit lines.

UDP

User Datagram Protocol - provides a simple, but unreliable message service for transaction-oriented services. Each UDP header carries both a source port identifier and destination port identifier, allowing high-level protocols to target specific applications and services among hosts.

16	32
Source port	Destination port
Length	Checksum
Data
Structure of the UDP header in 32 bit lines.

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